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1. What is heat?

Heat is more properly called the estrous cycle.The estrous cycle comprises the recurring physiologic changes that are induced by reproductive hormones in most mammals.A female dog is diestrous and goes into heat typically twice every year, although some breeds typically have one or three cycles a year. The proestrus is relatively long at 5-7 days, while the estrus may last 4-13 days. With a diestrus of 7-10 days, a typical cycle lasts about 3 weeks followed by about 150 days of anestrus. They bleed during this time, which will usually last from 7-13 days, depending on the size and maturity of the dog.

2. What are the symptoms?

a. The most common dog heat symptom takes place during the first part of the estrous cycle. You can recognize it because she will have a high increase in urination and also the female dog’s vulva will swell. It is not as easy to detect in smaller dogs so you will have to pay close attention.

b. Another very common heat symptom is blood discharge from the dog’s vagina. So don’t worry if this happens, it is a common, natural symptoms of dog in heat. It doesn’t mean that she is sick.

c. Sometimes female dog heat symptoms are hard to recognize, but this one you can’t miss. Male dogs will follow the female dog like a magnet, they can easily recognize female dog heat from a distance, so they will even hang around your house. Be careful, during the heat cycle the female dog will allow the male to mount her, so don’t let her out of sight or not only will she end up pregnant, but she can get disease from street dogs.

3. When does a dog come into heat?

Female dog has her first cycle about six months of age. A few dogs start earlier and few dogs later, even as late as 14-months.

If you have a new female puppy, you should watch her and note when she has her first cycle. If she’s 14-months old and still hasn’t’t been in heat, you should take her to a veterinarian.

4. How long does the heat cycle last?

in an average it would last for 21 days.But sometime it would last only for 2 weeks ar may go to 4 weeks.

5. How often will she be in heat?

Most female dogs have their first estrous cycle between 6 and 12 months, although some larger breeds delay until as late as 2 years. Females experience estrous cycles biannually, during which her body prepares for pregnancy, and at the peak she will come into estrus, during which time she will be mentally and physically receptive to copulation.

6. When can she get pregnant?

A female dog can only be pregnant when it is in heat.Some breeders test for progesterone levels to identify the most fertile days but the rule-of-thumb is that the most fertile days are 11-15 of her cycle.

7. Can she get pregnant her first cycle?

Yes. However, responsible breeders generally would not breed a dog that early. For one thing, you need to do genetic testing and some serious problems such as hip conditions do not show up until a dog is approximately 2-years of age.

8. Can I take her on walks during this cycle?

Yes with care. She has no problem with the exercise but she’s a walking magnet for male dogs.

Even the best trained and behaved female dog will succumb to hormones. You can’t trust her off a leash or out of your control. Never let her outside by herself even in a fenced yard if there is any possibility of male dogs nearby.

For walks, if there are male dogs in your neighborhood, it’s a good idea to take your dog in your car and drive to a remote area. Take her for the walk there and drive back home. Otherwise, the scent of her urine and vaginal discharge will blaze a trail to your home.

9. When I can have her spayed?

Today, veterinarians are doing it much earlier. Some vets spay as early as 6-weeks of age! Talk to your veterinarian about your dog and the vet’s preferences. The state of veterinary medicine also is much improved over the past 25-years.

10. If I don’t have her spayed, will she go through menopause.

No. Her fertility may decline but she will not go through menopause comparable to a human’s. She won’t lose her ability to become pregnant even as a senior so if you don’t want to her to have any (or more) litters, she must be spayed.